Idil not her real name had fled to the capital, Mogadishu, during the famine and was stuck in a camp for displaced people with little food. He was old enough to be my father. The African Union deployed soldiers to Mogadishu in to restore stability at the height of renewed fighting. But this is despite mounting evidence that warrants investigations. Some soldiers raped women and girls and then gave them food or money in an apparent attempt to frame the assault as transactional sex or discourage them from filing a complaint. Some soldiers exposed women to serious health risks. Idil said she worries because the soldier never used a condom.

Metrics details. Participation in Human Papillomavirus HPV vaccination and Papanicolaou Screening Pap smears is low among ethnic minorities in the Netherlands and hardly any information is available about the cervical cancer prevention methods of Somali women living in the diaspora. This qualitative study, based on the Health Belief Model HBM and an intersectionality-based framework, explores the perceptions of Somali women living in the Netherlands regarding measures to prevent cervical cancer.

Try out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Learn More. In this review of published findings on human immunodeficiency virus HIV infection and risk factors among female sex workers, we summarize the results of seroprevalence studies in different countries and discuss the different patterns of transmission among such workers in various geographical regions. The highest rates of HIV infection occur in sub-Saharan Africa, where the widespread existence of sexually transmitted diseases may play an important role in sustaining transmission. In Europe and North America injecting drug use continues to be the major factor associated with HIV infection among female sex workers, while in Latin America and parts of Asia there is a more mixed pattern of heterosexual and parenteral transmission from injecting drug use.